Tuesday, April 12, 2011

MIlitary's response to allegations

In a statement broadcasted Monday night, the military has again denied the use of live amunition, the practice of torture, and the allegations of having put Maikel Nabil on trial without any lawyers at his defense. Also the army emphasized that the participation of officers' in Friday's protests (which sparked of the confrontation Saturday morning) was not indicative fo a split in the army. They were also eager to claim that there had been no pressure of Saudi Arabia to influence the treatment of Mubarak.
Above that the army representatives justified the clearing of Midan Tahrir Saturday morning as well as the general practice of trying protestors in front of military courts rather than civilian courts. In their understanding Maikel Nabil was a case for a military court because he had harmed the army: “Freedom of expression is guaranteed as long as it is respectful and doesn’t doubt the armed forces,” says Etman, a member of the MIlitary Council.
AlMasr AlYoum has an extensive article elaborating on the army's speech.

Mubarak gone!

Apparently all the trouble that his audio-recorded speech caused was a bit too much ... Mubarak reportedly hospitalized in Sharm el-Sheikh. Unfortunately the article by AlJazeera leaves open whether MUbarak had already been question by the prosecutor as planned for today after the prosecutor announced Sunday Mubarak would be summoned.

Must-see footage of protesting officers' statement and army attack on Tahrir

AlMasr AlYoum has published very interesting footage of the night that the army stormed Midan Tahrir, also including statements by some of those officers who had joined the protesters on that day. All with English subtitles and definitely worth watching!
As usual it is hard to interpret and draw conclusions from what we see. What sems pretty clear: a massacre or even only an army that is decisive to quell a revolt with force looks different (Lybia, Yemen, Bahrain and Syria can give hints here...). Yet, reports from the night have stated already before that the army was more brutal when chasing protesters through the streets of downtown, which allegedly also was when and where the (numbered now as one to tree) deaths occured.

Mubarak is back! ...

...at least to the news: On Sunday, Mubarak for the first time since his ouster addressed the (his?) nation. In an audio recording broadcasted on AlArabiya Mubarak denied having illegally amassed wealth and moved it outside of Egypt, and threatened to sue those who damaged his reputation.The prosecutor general Abdel Meguid ‎Mahmoud responded within an hour saying Mubarak was summoned as part of investigations into the killing of protesters and embezzlement of public funds. Mubarak's speech and denial would not affect the investigations. Yet, Mubarak's highly emotional speech was definitely tailored to change people's mind on him. Egypt Daily News quotes from the speech "I feel deep sorrow and pain for the allegations against me and my family aiming to defame my integrity my political and military honor that I used for serving Egypt at times of peace and war".

Another attempt by the former president-father-pharao-ruler to work people's emotions

Yet, might there really still be a threat that playing on people's emotions works after all that has happened? I start to understand why a honoured friend of mine keeps disyplaing the huge scars on his legs resulting from him being shot on January 28. To quote himself „this is to show the people what this regime is like! What Mubarak is capable of doing!“ He was eager to counter the narrations and ideas of people who still thought Mubarak was a hounorable men who deserved the treatment of an older gentleman whose only fault it was to miss the right point for voluntary retirement.

The Alliance of Egyptian Revolutionaries reacted furiously to the former president's speech. Considering that not only the prosecutor but also several other political actors such as the April 6 movement responded negatively to Mubarak's speech, AlAhram judges that Mubarak didnt do himself any good as him speaking up only fueled the fire and led to the speeding up of the prosecutior.

Maikel Nabil tried in absence, NDP figures getting civilian trials

Regarding the case of Maikel Nabil, I would like to add that he was tried by a military court (while the Military Council emphasizes the right of former NDP figures to be tried by a civilian court!) in the absence of his or his lawyers. The blog Democracy Review now published a letter supposedly from Maikel Nabil appeared.

Minor clashes in Tahrir were reported, reflecting the rising tension on the Midan in general but also between two groups of protestors in particular. Also on AUC campus protests to oust two regime related figures took place. Students demanded the dismissal of the security chief, Ashraf Kamal, who used to work for State Security and of the head of student development services, Mohammed Dabbour who is an NDP member.Both are accused of previously having monitored and censored student activity on campus.

Monday, April 11, 2011

The day's news from Egypt

Several Egyptian human rights groups have investigated Saturday morning's events and based on a comparison of eyewhitnesses' accounts came to the conclusion that in opposition to its offical denial afterwards the army had used live amunition to shoot at protesters. The Daily New's article also shows the various stages in which the battle between army and protesters unfolded. 

Since that night demonstrators have pretty much withut any interruption occupied Midan Tahrir. While I sympathise with Egyptians claiming Midan Tahrir back and enforcing their right to peaceful protest and freedom of expression, the protestors' behaviour does not strike me as particularly clever: blocking off any traffic crossing Midan Tahrir and throwing stones at passing cars, as reported by the Daily News does not win them new friends. Rather it turns ordinary people against the revolutionaries, and thus eventually maybe even against the revolution itself

Today, the military intervened to halt Sectarian clashes which were taking place in a village West of Cairo. Apparently several sectarian clashes had also been reported yesterday. 

In another unsettling development the Egyptian blogger Maikel Nabil was sentenced to three years of prison by a military court. Mikael Nabil was arrested and tried for an article hat he had posted in response to the army torturingand abusing those arrested on the 9th of March. 
The Egyptian blogger Zeinobia points out how even though Mikael was highly contested due to his stance towards the Egyptian army and Israel, him being arrested and sentenced for insulting the army and saying the un-truth in his article points to a dark future for Egypt's bloggers.

Sunday, April 10, 2011

Army blaming clashes on thugs - but isn't every protestor a troublemaker?

There is some discord as to what actually happened on early Saturday morning on Midan Tahrir. As shown in the post from Saturday morning, AlJazeera reported Tahrir was cleared by military police with force, the aim mainly being to get out the some ten soldiers who had joined the protests and where protected by the protestors. Al Jazeera has become some kind of authority if it comes to reporting on the Middle East protests, as it continuously provided the fastest and most comprehensive coverage of the revolts in Egypt, Syria, and some other Arab countries. And in many cases one can say it was the „only one being there“. While other channels shifted their attaention to Japan, Lybia, and wherever else events appeared to be most dramatic, alJazeera maintained at least a minor presence in countries like Egypt to follow-up on the post-revolt devlopments.

Twitter and AlJazeera account unanimously stating: army crackdown

Yet, I might indeed have given to much credit to AlJazeera or at least have not been critical enough in the sense that I tended to adopt the stance: if AlJazeera interprets the events as „army cracking down on protestors“ then this will in the end gonna be the dominant reading. (If you think about it: this might say more about AlJazeera's hegemonic position in interpreting Middle Eastern events than about the interpretation's fit with reality...) And still - it was not only AlJazeera, but also Twitter seemed to draw a clear picture yesterday morning: the army has turned on the reamining protestors, probably because of the soldiers who had joined the demonstrations and remained on Tahrir.

During the day more accounts, by media and individuals (as if reporters where not individuals?) surfaced: Facebook user Omar Kamel who had been at Midan Tahrir all night posted a detailed account of the events. The photographer David Degner published photos of the clashes and the Midan in its aftermath. Also videos were uploaded to prove that the army was continuously firing in the air and at protestors for a prolongued period and that they were using live amunition opposite to their own claims and statements. The first of the videos also shows how army is storming the square and tearing the tents in the middle of the Midan where allegedly the protestors had put the defecting soldiers to protect them.

Still the situation seemed far from clear: rumours spread that it had been thugs on Midan Tahrir attacking the army, who then responded by clearing the square. Others said it was thugs in army uniform that were actually joining the protestors. According to AlMAsr AlYoum, the military council for its part stated that „police and soldiers had 'confronted acts of rioting and implemented a curfew' without causing any loss of life and blamed disturbances on 'elements outside the law in Tahrir'“

The well-respected scholar Dr. Heba Raouf who lives in Downtwon close to Midan Tahrir was cited by facebook user Mohamed Sharaf elDin as saying that „600 people are in the square.. half of them are thugs and the other half are people are troublemakers“ (Thanks to my friend Kazem for translation).

Every protest interrupting order qualifies as thuggery!

Contradictious reports you think? I was quite confused for a short moment and then I realized, that the explanations lies within the concept of „thugs“ respectively „troublemakers“. Of course, for the army and apparently also some other people (mainly those who think demonstrations should stop now) everyone who breaks the curfew (setting in at 2 am ending at 5 am) is placing himself „outside the law“. Thanks to the law on thuggery passed on the 23d of March, any „strikes, protests, demonstrations and sit-ins that interrupt private or state owned businesses or affect the economy in any way“ are now illegal and an act of thuggery. So technically speaking the weekly protests on Fridays are an act of thuggery. And when people then also break the curfew...hell yeah, of course they are THUGS and TROUBLEMAKERS. Egyptians have a very weird relation to laws and authority, even though they brake many laws and rules on a daily basis at some poin they rever authority and the law, respectively orders from above. One Egyptian twitter user even stated that being democratic meant obeying the curfew.

Resisting injust laws and unlawful authority
But maybe it is also me who has a particular relationship to law and authority? Maybe I have full-heartedly adopted the idea which is laid out in the German Grundgesetz (constitution): if your government, respectively regime, respectively its laws and orders are undemocratic and in contradiction to the costitution you are allowed and even obliged to resist. (I have never been much into studying law, so if my knowledgable German friends can correct me here or add to my interpretation an official one, please go ahead!)

Meanwhile, the political and media battle go on: protests on Tahrir have been going on, several political figures have called for restraint, the MB issued a statement emphasizing the link between the people and the army, the Supreme Council of the Armed itself has issued further statements and counting and announcing of the injured proceeds...

Twitter continuously alarming

Right now tweeds (=Twitter messages) are saying: „Something is happening in #Tahrir. People are banging out warnings.“ A good example how difficult it might be for an outsider to understand what's happening. The banging out warning refers to a practice that protestors use since the early days of the revolt when they first clashed with police. All Midan Tahrir is surrounded by metal fences separating the pavements from the roads. In order to warn other protestors of approaching danger people would hit the fences metal poles in order while running along. At the same time one needs to understand, that those who are in Midan Tahrir have been exposed to violence and fear for weeks now, they saw their friends dying, have themselves been arrested and abused by military and police, and have been on alert for weeks. No wonder their interpetations and tweeds sometimes seem to be quitee alarmist, always expecting the worst....yet, on Friday night those expecting the worst, proved to be right once more....

Saturday, April 9, 2011

BREAKING: army attacking protesters

I have been silent for the last weeks because I had been busy with my research and a workshop, both of which I'll tell you more about later. I do not have time to give you a proper overview of events in Egypt now, but wanted to draw your attention to last nights developments for the simple reasons that besides Aljazeera and the Washington Post most media oultets are ignoring the events. And if international media coverage and attention does not step up quickly, those who are still protesting for a real democracy and real change in Egypt might have to pay an even much higher price than they have done already...

Yesterday large protests, supported by various Youth Coalitions and the Muslim Brotherhood were staged under the name "Friday of Purging/Clearance", some ten army officers joined the protests. According to twitter (try #Tahrir), AlJazeera and the Washington Post at night around 3 am the army cracked down violently on the protestors in order to detain the defiant officers.

Inbetween state media and army statements (on facebook) claim that it was thugs and former NDP members staying at Tahrir and attacking the army...

For an overview of events in the reason check out the AlJazeera Liveblog - also the blogger Sandmonkey keeps tracking/tweeting on events on Midan Tahrir.